Government Debt Increases, Borrowing Money from the Rich, ‘High-Price’ ‘Interest Payments’, Korea’s ‘Exchange Rate Pressure’
The New York Times editorial pointed out the severity of the interest rate hike crisis in the cumulative vicious cycle where the rich buy bonds through bond issuance, the government borrows money from the rich with taxes, and pays all the high interest.
In the editorial titled <National Debt Is Already a Bigger Problem Than People Think>, the NYT stated, “The expected increase in debt is particularly outrageous because the government will borrow a lot of money from the very people who received the biggest tax cuts from the bill,” and “About half of the government debt is generally sold to American investors, who are disproportionately wealthy, and instead of raising taxes, the government borrows money from them, ultimately receiving the same money from the same people on ‘unfavorable’ terms.” Instead of taxing the rich, the government pays them interest, the editorial continued. “To get the debt under control, the government must raise taxes, especially on the wealthy, and make long-term changes to Social Security and Medicare, the main drivers of spending increases.”
The federal government debt has continued to grow over the past two decades, prompting numerous warnings that the United States is nearing a fiscal reckoning, a day when the government cannot drink all it wants from the fountain of easy money, and the Trump administration’s tax cuts are making the fountains flow more urgently.
The editorial noted that fears of a future crisis in a debt economy are distracting attention from the problems that the government’s reliance on debt is already causing.
In fact, the public is spending an enormous amount of money each year on interest to borrow money as the government’s debt grows. Interest on the federal debt now exceeds the government’s military spending, its largest expenditure.
The interest on the debt is now nearly equal to the annual cost of Medicare, the centerpiece of Social Security, and it is more than the government spends on anything else in its budget except Social Security. It has become more.
President Trump’s “big, beautiful bill” tax cut bill, repeating the mistakes of the 2017 bill it was based on, the Trump administration tried to implement the first 2017 tax cut bill, and the New York Times criticized it in an editorial. Here’s an excerpt from the November 25, 2017 editorial:
Of all the lies Republicans and President Trump tell about the tax bill, the biggest is that the windfall tax cuts for corporations and the wealthy will generate so much growth that they will have to pay for themselves.
The tax bills in the House and Senate will probably only provide a small boost to the economy for a few years, and will add more than $1 trillion to the federal debt in just 10 years.
Far from paying for themselves, these tax cuts will leave a bill for future generations to pay, and Republican leaders are not only trying to shift money from today’s middle-class and poor Americans to corporations and the very wealthy, but also from tomorrow’s middle-class and poor Americans. They are trying to shift money to corporations and the very wealthy.
President Trump and Republicans are once again proposing to cut taxes, and once again they are forcing the government to borrow more money to pay the bills.
This will once again increase federal spending on interest payments, money that cannot be used for other things.
The Trump administration is expected to pay more than $1 trillion to lenders this year.
According to the Congressional Budget Office (CBO), the House version of the Trump bill, which has already been approved by the Senate, would increase interest payments on the debt by an average of $55 billion a year over the next 10 years.
That increase alone would be enough to completely repair every bridge in the country, and the price of high debt would increase even more if Trump’s budget passes, with interest already a major expense.
The annual net interest calculated under the House bill would be $1.6 trillion under current law, $1.45 trillion for Social Security, and $865 billion for Medicare. The dollar, defense spending is over $855 billion.
Although the Trump administration and House Republicans have fiercely criticized the CBO's analysis, Rep. Philip Swegel, who leads the CBO, is a Republican who was reappointed just two years ago at the request of House Republicans, and the CBO released its assessment of the bill on May 17, considering not only the direct impact on government finances but also the indirect impact on the broader economy, in line with the Republicans' preferred method.
The CBO report, <One Big Beautiful Bill Act (Dynamic Estimates)>, was prepared based on the 'tax cut bill' passed by the House on May 22.
In a joint report with the Joint Committee on Taxation (JCT), the Congressional Budget Office (CBO) said, "H.R. 1 would increase the primary deficit by $2.4 trillion over the period 2025-2034,” he said. “This estimate reflects a $3.7 trillion decrease in revenues and a $1.3 trillion decrease in noninterest expenses.”
The federal government’s debt, “expansion of borrowing,” is very likely to ultimately increase upward pressure on interest rates.
“The popularity of Treasury bonds has long been bolstered by the low interest rates that investors are willing to accept in order to hold them, as well as confidence in the rule of law and the long-term health of the U.S. economy,” Tufts University economist Michael Klein recently concluded in an analysis, “and the Trump administration appears to be shaking that confidence.”
In a report titled “Is the Dollar Losing Its Advantage?” for the EconoFact Network, Professor Klein wrote, “The pattern associated with the dollar’s safe-haven status has been surprisingly broken recently,” and “The Trump administration’s decision to significantly raise tariffs on imports from trading partners has led to policy uncertainty. The surge is related to the sharp decline in the dollar, and this occurred in the context of the sharp increase in U.S. Treasury yields, contrary to the usual pattern, on the 2nd of last month.
In an editorial dated May 1, the New York Times stated that <it should be decided through democratic discussion and constitutional procedures, not the direction of one person>, and in an editorial dated June 27, it stated that <President Trump’s hostility toward America’s democratic traditions is also creating interest rate risks>.
In a presidential campaign on May 21, President Lee Jae-myung announced a pledge for a “bold expansionary fiscal policy” and said, “There are people who are ignorantly saying that the country should not go into debt,” and “Korea’s national debt is less than 50%, while other countries’ is over 110%.”
The U.S. is a reserve currency country, and Korea is a non-reserve currency, so it is absolutely dominated by the U.S.-led credit rating, directly attacking the value of its currency.
Korean government bonds are a risk hedge that maximizes profits from currency fluctuations in Korean stock investment and financial market-led investment by foreign institutional investors and investors. It appears to work as a lever.
The Lee Jae-myung regime's policy of expanding the debt economy and fiscal deficit appears to be a hard-line conservative system that connects the US Republican Party's ultra-rich capital dominance structure through the strengthening of the Korean capital market dominance structure led by foreign investors and large private equity funds.
This weakens political self-determination as the debt economy grows and the dominance of foreign investors increases.
The Reagan administration, which had grown a fiscal deficit through supply-side advantage in the 1980s, was a hard-line conservative system that built up military spending under the guise of "high debt means high credit" and, with its strategy of provoking frequent wars, led to the Falklands War and the strengthening of the Cold War with the Soviet Union, and as domestic riots grew, it took a sharp turn toward tax increases, which led to a financial crisis and led to the resignation of the government.
Refer to <US Government Debt of $40 Trillion, Interest Rates Rise Sharply, Dollar Falls, Asia 'Blows', May 22, 2025>
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