Israel Hamas surprise war, Trump Biden solution, successive ‘exits’
The Biden administration's 'Grand Bargain', which attempted to resolve the Palestinian issue by normalizing relations between Israel and Saudi Arabia, was thwarted by a surprise attack on Palestine, and under the previous Republican Trump administration, Israel sought a 'two-state solution and peace' by establishing a Palestinian state in the occupied territory in 1967. Palestine's rejection of the 'formula' puts decades of US policy at risk of exit in the Middle East.
Under the Trump regime, Jerusalem, the heart of the conflict, was recognized as the capital of Israel without specifying the scope of jurisdiction over the city, and the U.S. embassy was moved there in 2018, which was in line with Palestinians' long-standing demand for East Jerusalem to be established as the capital of the state. frustrated.
Reuters said that the “two-state solution,” “Israeli settlements,” “the status of Jerusalem,” and “5.6 million Palestinian refugees” are the core of the conflict as the background to the Hamas attack, and that “Israel’s claim to eastern Jerusalem, resulting from the Trump regime’s intervention, is “It is not internationally recognized,” he said on the 11th.
Regarding settlements, which are the biggest issue of conflict, Reuters said, “Most countries consider Jewish settlements built on land occupied by Israel in 1967 to be illegal,” and “Israel disputes this and claims that it has historical and biblical ties to the land.” “It is one of the most contentious issues among the international community, beyond Israel and Palestine, due to its continued expansion,” he said.
The two-state solution, which the U.S. and Europe are focused on, “reversed decades of U.S. policy by rejecting calls to support a two-state solution, a peace formula that envisions the establishment of a Palestinian state on territory Israel occupied in 1967.” Reuters said.
The ‘two-state solution’ is an agreement with Israel to create a state for Palestinians in the West Bank and Gaza Strip, and the armed group Hamas has rejected the two-state solution and declared its goal to be the destruction of Israel.
In response to the two-state solution, Israel requested that the Palestinian state be 'demilitarized' so as not to threaten Israel, and in this surprise attack, it was revealed that it had 'secretly armed itself and prepared for an attack operation'.
The war between Israel and Hamas, which began with a surprise attack on Hamas on the 9th, is the most tragic in 70 years of war and conflict between Israel and Palestine that have drawn in outside powers and destabilized the wider Middle East.
Long considered a hostile territory by Israel, the conflict between security demands and Palestinian state-building aspirations has become more extreme in the 70-year transition.
The founding of Israel began with David Ben-Gurion's declaration of the modern state of Israel on May 14, 1948, as a safe haven for Jews fleeing persecution and a return to their national homeland in a land with deep ties spanning generations.
Palestinians called the establishment of Israel a Nakba (disaster) and saw their hopes of establishing a state as being blocked.
In the ensuing war, about 700,000 Palestinians, half of the Arab population of Palestine under British rule, fled or were driven out of their homes and relocated to Jordan, Lebanon, Syria, Gaza, the West Bank, and East Jerusalem.
The United States initially defended its ally Israel, rejecting the claim that “Palestinians were driven out of their homes,” and maintained its position that Israel was “attacked by five Arab countries” the day after Israel was founded.
The fighting stopped with an armistice in 1949, but there has been no formal peace since.
The war between the two sides began in 1967, when Israel launched a preemptive attack on Egypt and Syria, resulting in the Six-Day War, in which Israel occupied the West Bank, Arab East Jerusalem occupied from Jordan, and the Golan Heights in Syria.
In 1973, Egypt and Syria began the Yom Kippur War by attacking Israeli positions along the Suez Canal and Golan Heights, forcing Israel to retreat both armies within three weeks.
Israel invaded Lebanon in 1982, and thousands of Palestinian fighters under Yasser Arafat were evacuated to the sea after a 10-week siege.
War broke out again in Lebanon in 2006 when Hezbollah militants captured two Israeli soldiers and Israel retaliated.
In 2005, Israel left Gaza, which it had occupied from Egypt in 1967. However, Gaza has been the site of major explosions linked to Israeli airstrikes and Palestinian rocket launches in 2006, 2008, 2012, 2014 and 2021, and tensions have risen following incidents of border incursions on both sides.
Between 1987-1993 and 2000-05, there were two Palestinian intifadas and Hamas suicide bombings against Israel.
A peace treaty was signed by Egypt and Israel in 1979, attempting to end three decades of hostilities.
In 1993, Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin and Arafat signed the Oslo Accords on limited Palestinian autonomy, and subsequently in 1994 Israel signed a peace treaty with Jordan.
President Bill Clinton, Israeli Prime Minister Ehud Barak, and Arafat met at the Camp David summit in 2000, an attempt by the U.S. Democratic Party, but failed to reach a final peace agreement.
The 2002 Arab Plan proposed that Israel enter into normal relations with all Arab countries in return for a complete withdrawal from lands taken in the 1967 Middle East war, the creation of a Palestinian state, and a "just solution" for Palestinian refugees.
U.S. attempted peace efforts have been stalled since 2014, when talks between Israelis and Palestinians in Washington failed.
The Republican Trump administration attempted a deal to fund development in Palestine, and Palestinians subsequently boycotted the deal with US President Trump.
The deal would see the Palestinian state invest and develop with funds in the territory Israel occupied in 1967, and was seen as a rejection of support for the two-state solution, a peace formula.
Trump's deal solution, which moved the US embassy to Jerusalem in 2018 and recognized it as the capital of Israel, dashes Palestinian hopes for a 'capital of a Palestinian state' for 'East Jerusalem', which includes sites sacred to Muslims, Jews and Christians alike He escalated the dispute privately.
Israel still says Jerusalem is "indivisible and must remain its eternal capital," but the international community does not recognize Israel's claims to eastern Jerusalem.
The Trump regime's mistake was to present a peace plan for the acute conflict city of Jerusalem, recognizing Jerusalem as the capital of Israel without specifying the "scope of jurisdiction," and suddenly relocating the U.S. embassy to Jerusalem, which heightened the conflict.
In its diplomatic expansion strategy, the Biden regime first attempts to normalize relations between Sunni Saudi Arabia and Shiite Iran, and through this approach normalizes relations between Saudi Arabia and Israel. In its approach, it excludes Iran, a leading Shia leader connected to Palestine and Bahrain, and puts Palestine, a party involved, in the background of diplomacy. was pushed back, providing justification for a surprise attack.
There are approximately 5.4 million Palestinian refugees (descendants of those who fled after the founding of Israel in 1948) living in Jordan, Lebanon, Syria, the Israeli-occupied West Bank, and the Gaza Strip.
The Palestinian Foreign Ministry said about half of registered refugees are stateless, many of whom live in overcrowded camps.
Palestinians have long called for refugees to be allowed to return, bringing with them millions of their descendants, and Israel adheres to the principle that resettlement of Palestinian refugees should take place outside its borders.